Mengimpor Kedelai: Perlukah Terus Dilanjutkan? (Pengaruh Liberalisasi Perdagangan terhadap Perkedelaian Indonesia)

Ridha , Amaliyah (2013) Mengimpor Kedelai: Perlukah Terus Dilanjutkan? (Pengaruh Liberalisasi Perdagangan terhadap Perkedelaian Indonesia). GLOB AL & POLICY JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, 1 (1). pp. 19-30. ISSN 2337-9960

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Abstract

This article explain the impact of Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) toward Indonesia’s food security, by evaluating imported soybean case. The concept of trade liberalization and food security can be used as theoretical frameworks. Based on AoA, all member countries should gradually reduced and eliminated any kind of protection, subsidy, and all non-tariff barriers. As the consequence, domestic market has to deals with liberal global market. Nevertheless, most of developed countries actually still protect their farmers, through provision of farming subsidy and market support. Unlike developed countries, Indonesia has no ability to significantly provide domestic support to its farmers. As one of strategic commodities, soybean has its political reasons and public policy to be protected. Ironically, even though many critics were delivered, Indonesian government had seen importing soybean as an endeavor to achieve national food security goal. Keywords: agreement on agriculture, imported soybeans, trade liberalization, food security. Penelitian ini menjelaskan dampak Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) terhadap ketahanan pangan Indonesia, dengan mengevaluasi kasus kedelai impor. Konsep liberalisasi perdagangan dan ketahanan pangan digunakan sebagai perangkat teoritis.Berdasarkan AoA, semua negara anggota harus mengeliminasi secara bertahap bentuk proteksi, subsidi, dan hambatan non-tarif. Akibatnya, pasar domestik dipaksa berhadapan langsung dengan pasar internasional. Namun, negara-negara maju masih melindungi bidang pertanian mereka melalui mekanisme subsidi pertanian dan bantuan pasar. Tidak seperti negara maju, Indonesia tidak memiliki kemampuan signifikan untuk mendukung pasar dan petani kedelai lokal. Sebagai salah satu komoditas strategis, kedelai mempunyai alasan politis dan kebijakan publik untuk dilindungi. Ironisnya, meski banyak dikritik, pemerintah Indonesia bersikukuh melihat keputusan mengimpor kedelai adalah usaha untuk mencapai ketahanan pangan nasional. Kata-Kata Kunci:agreement on agriculture, kedelai impor, liberalisasi perdagangan, ketahanan pangan.

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